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Fungicidal Management of Pathogen Populations^1,2,

ABSTRACT

Fungicides are the only means of controlling disease epidemics in a susceptible crop when conditions favor a virulent fungal pathogen that produces air-borne spores rapidly and abundantly. Most available fungicides are surface protectants that act externally on the host to prevent infection by the pathogen. A high percentage of the plant tissue must be protected because large amounts of inoculum are produced by small numbers of infections. Maintenance of aprotective chemical deposit effective throughout the vulnerable period of crop development requires frequent fungicidal spray applications of relatively high dosages. In contrast, systemic fungicides now under development act within the host and control disease with one or two applications at low dosages. Many of these materials are highly selective; they are effective against specific groups of pathogens. Some systemic fungicides suppress epidemics of rust and mildew diseases when applied as seed or soil treatments at planting. Such fungicides have great potential for preventing severe disease epidemics in field crops threatened by virulent, aggressive fungal pathogens.

Key Words: systemic fungicides, • fungicidal specificity • wheat (Triticum spp.) • Puccinia graminis • Puccinia recondita • control of wheat rusts, • epidemiologoy of wheat rusts

¹ Cooperative investigations of the Plant Science Res. Div., Agr. Res. Serv. USDA, and the Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul. Paper no. 1426, Misc. Journal Series, Minnesota Agr. Exp. Sta. Paper presented Aug. 18. 1971, in New York City at the annual meeting of the ASA as part of the symposium "Breeding and Management for Stable Resistance to Plant Diseases."

² This is a report on the current status of research involving use of certain chemicals that require registration under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act. It does not contain recommendations for the use of such chemicals, nor does it imply that the uses discussed have been registered. All uses of these chemicals must be registered by the appropriate State and Federal agencies before they can be recommended. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and it does not imply approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable.

³ Research Plant Pathologist, Plant Sci. Res. Div., Agr. Res. Serv., USDA, St. Paul, Minn. 55101.

Received for publication December 6, 1971.