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Phosphorus Sorption in Manured Atlantic Coastal Plain Soils under Flooded and Drained Conditions

Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, 149 Townsend Hall, Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717.

^* Corresponding author (vadas{at}udel.edu).

ABSTRACT

Artificially drained, agricultural soils that are high in P and have seasonally fluctuating water tables may be significant nonpoint sources of P to Delaware's Inland Bays. Topsoil, unamended and amended with 4 g kg^–1 poultry litter (PL), and subsoil horizons from two soil series in the Inland Bays watershed were flooded for 28 d and drained for 14 d at 25°C. Soil pH and redox potential (Eh) were measured (mV) and P sorption isotherms were constructed for each horizon under oxidized, flooded, and drained conditions. For each isotherm, P sorption maxima (b_max), P sorbed at a solution P concentration of 1.0 mg L^–1 (b_1.0), and the equilibrium P concentration at zero sorption (EPC₀) were calculated. Flooding decreased Eh and increased pH, and draining returned Eh and pH to near initial values. Flooding and draining decreased b_max in all horizons. The b_1.0 values were always significantly less than b_max values; however, flooding and draining had inconsistent effects on b_1.0 values. Flooding increased EPC₀ in the unamended Pocomoke A horizon, but decreased EPC₀ in the same PL-amended horizon. Draining reduced EPC₀ values in both Pocomoke A horizons. Flooding and draining had little effect on EPC₀ in other horizons. Our data suggest that land application of PL and fluctuating water tables may increase the potential for P loss from soils through both a decrease in soil P sorption capacity and an increase in solution P concentrations in topsoils.

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