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Volatility of Atrazine from Plant, Soil, and Glass Surfaces¹

ABSTRACT

Volatility of atrazine (2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) from glass, plant, and soil surfaces was determined by passing air above the experimental material through Florisil³ columns. Atrazine volatility was determined by counting the ¹⁴C-atrazine present in the column eluate and that remaining on the treated surfaces.

Volatility from 125-ml glass erlenmeyer flasks was influenced most by the amount of atrazine present. At 40C with an air velocity of 2 liters/min 70% of the applied atrazine was recovered from the florisil columns in 2 days when 1 µg of atrazine was applied; whereas, 10% was recovered when 1,000 µg was applied. Temperature, air velocity, and atrazine purity also affected atrazine volatility. Volatility was 25% greater at 40 than at 20C at an air velocity of 2 liters/min. An increase in air velocity increased atrazine volatility more at 20C than at 40C. Approximately 10% more atrazine was lost from a commercially formulated material than from a technically pure material. Dried plant material lost 18–27% of the applied atrazine in 2 days at 40C. Atrazine (37mM) was also applied in 2 µliter droplets to intact Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle) leaves. Two days after treatment 50% of the activity was located in the Florisil column. Volatility of atrazine from the soil was less than 10% in 2 days at 40C. It was concluded that atrazine volatility is a major factor for atrazine dissipation when applied to foliage but not when applied to the soil.

Key Words: triazine herbicides • loss from soil • loss from plants • air velocity

¹ Contribution no. 4803 of the Maryland Agr. Exp. Sta., Department of Agronomy, College Park, Md. Scientific Article No. A1887.

² Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Md.

Received for publication May 5, 1973.