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Phosphorus Fractions in Manure from Growing Pigs Receiving Diets Containing Micronized Peas and Supplemental Enzymes

^a Department of Soil Science
^b Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2

^* Corresponding author (akinremi{at}ms.umanitoba.ca)

Received for publication February 1, 2005. Different livestock feeds manipulations have been reported to reduce the total P concentration in manure. Information on the influence of these dietary manipulation strategies on the forms of P in manure is, however, limited. This study was, therefore, conducted to investigate the effect of diet manipulation through feed micronization and enzyme supplementation on the forms of P in swine manure. Eight growing pigs were fed four diets: barley–raw pea (BRP), barley–micronized pea (BMP), barley–raw pea with enzyme (BRPE), and barley–micronized pea with enzyme (BMPE) in a 4 x 4 Latin square design. Because we are interested in the effect of enzyme cocktail and pea micronization on manure P, we did not reduce the non-phytate P with enzyme addition in this study. The fecal material and urine were collected and analyzed for total P. Fecal material was fractionated to determine the total P in H₂O-, NaHCO₃–, NaOH-, and HCl-extractable fractions. The total P in the residual fractions was also determined. About 98% of the total P excreted by the pigs was found in the fecal material. Inclusion of micronized pea in pig diet did not have any significant effect (p > 0.1) on either the total P or the different P fractions in the manure. The labile P (the sum of H₂O-P and NaHCO₃–P) was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) by the addition of enzyme to swine diets. Pigs fed the BRPE and BMPE had 14 and 18% lower labile P, respectively, compared with pigs fed the BRP. Enzyme addition to pig diets reduced not only the total P in manure, but also the labile P fraction, which is of great environmental concern. Thus, the potential of P loss to runoff and the subsequent eutrophication can be reduced by enzyme addition to pig diets.

Abbreviations: BMP, barley–micronized pea • BMPE, barley–micronized pea with enzyme • BRP, barley–raw pea • BRPE, barley–raw pea with enzyme