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Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Conventional, Agri-Environmental Scheme, and Organic Irish Suckler-Beef Units

Department of Biosystems Engineering (Bioresources Modelling Group), University College Dublin, Earlsfort Terrace, Dublin 2, Ireland

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Flowchart of the "cradle to farm gate" beef production system representing the processes included for describing a typical suckler-beef unit in Ireland with regard to: (i) concentrate feed, (ii) fertilizer, (iii) manure management, and (iv) electricity and diesel fuel use (adapted from Casey and Holden, 2005c).

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The relationship between (a) total greenhouse gas emissions (TGE)/live weight* and (b) TGE/ha* and stocking density. ( Conventional farms A–E; • REPS farms F–J; organic farms K–O.) *Gradient parameter significant at p < 0.05. Significant differences were found between the stocking densities at which the farms functioned (p < 0.05).

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The relationship between (a) total greenhouse gas emissions (TGE)/live weight * and (b) TGE/ha* and rate of N fertilizer applied. ( Conventional farms A–E; • REPS farms F–J; organic farms K–O.) *Gradient parameter significant at p < 0.05. Significant differences were found between the amounts of fertilizer applied to each farm (p < 0.05).

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. The relationship between (a) total greenhouse gas emissions (TGE)/live weight and (b) TGE/ha* and concentrate fed. ( Conventional farms A–E; • REPS farms F–J; organic farms K–O.) Gradient parameter not significant at p > 0.05. *Gradient parameter significant at p < 0.05. Significant differences were found between the amounts of concentrate consumed per animal on each farm (p < 0.05).

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. The relationship between (a) total greenhouse gas emissions (TGE)/live weight* and (b) TGE/ha* and output of live weight per hectare. ( Conventional farms A–E; • REPS farms F–J; organic farms K–O.) *Gradient parameter significant at p < 0.05. Significant differences were found between the amount of live weight produced per hectare on each farm (p < 0.05).